The condenser houses the first two stages of low pressure heaters for simplified arrangement of the turbine building. After this, the water is condensed, and may be used again. Ayoola2, 1 applied thermodynamics and process design research laboratory, department of chemical engineering, obafemi awolowo university, ileife, nigeria 2 african institute for science policy and innovation, obafemi awolowo university, ile. Surface condenser and its function in thermal power plant a surface condenser or steam condenser is a watercooled shell and tube heat exchanger used to condensate the exhaust steam from the steam turbine in thermal power stations. Condenser in thermal power plants linkedin slideshare. Condenser in thermal power plant linkedin slideshare.
The steam power plant is also called a thermal power plant. A steam condenser is a tool which is used to decrease vapor or gas to liquid. The effective operations of a turbine depend on the efficient performance of condenser this improves the efficiency to increase the subsidiary power production a. Designing an aircooled combined cycle power plant for startup on a hot day can significantly increase the size and cost of the required aircooled condenser. Condenser w 0 steam power plant q h h out 4 1 the thermal efficiency of the rankine cycle is determine from net out th in in k 1 wq qq where w q q w w net in out turbine, out pump, in deviation of actual vapor power cycle from idealized ones the actual vapor power cycle differs from the ideal rankine cycle, as a result of. A condenser is a device or unit used to condense a substance from its gaseous to its liquid state, typically by cooling it. The influence of throughput on thermodynamic efficiencies of a thermal power plant a. In this paper the effects of the condenser design parameters such as turbine inlet condition, turbine power and condenser pressure on heat transfer area, cooling water flowrate, condenser cost and specific energy generation cost are studied for surface type condenser. Two pass water cooled steam condenser is commonly used in coal fired power plants and its thermal performance significantly affects the generation as well as. Condenser tube cleaning macro and micro fouling and scaling of condenser tubes will adversely impact the performance of any well designed condenser the results are reduced heat transfer, reduced output, and reduced availability, while increasing the number of plant outages and increasing the maintenance costs. In thermal power station condenser place a vital role.
Steam power plant configuration, design, and control. Pdf analysis of a condenser in a thermal power plant for. Power plant condenser a huge complex shellandtube heat exchanger is one of the most important auxiliary equipments in a power plant. It is understood that even as renewable energy re will.
Where cooling water is in short supply, an aircooled condenser is often used. In power plant unit 11 at the geysers, standard directcontact condenser technology had proven to be inefficient, consuming too much steam during the removal of noncondensible gases and creating high back pressures that decreased turbine performance. It is a shell and tube heat exchanger installed at the outlet of every steam turbine in thermal power stations. Download layout of steam power plant pdf, simple cross tube vertical boiler pdf at the end of the article. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a detail of thermal power station coal. Layout of steam power plant, simple cross tube vertical. As single pressure or multipressure, depending on whether the cooling water. The entire plant cycle is split up into three zones for the analysis. Condensers are delivered as fully tubed modules, so that little welding is required on site. The steam for process purposes is extracted from a certain section of turbine and the.
An introduction to condensers and auxiliary equipment for. In thermal power plants, the heat energy obtained from combustion of solid fuel mostly coal is used to convert water into steam, this steam is at high pressure and temperature. Pdeen bandhu choturam thermal power plant is a project of haryana power generation corporation limited hpgcl. Optimal use of waste heat of condenser of thermal power plant. Thermal power plant as the title infers is the place of mechanism which converts heat energy into electric power.
Us7367177b2 combined cycle power plant with auxiliary air. The main advantages of incorporating a steam condenser in a steam power plant are as follows. Function of condenser function of the condenser is to create a vacuum by condensing steam, removing dissolved noncondensable gases from the condensate conserving the condensate for reuse as the feedwater supply to the steam generator providing a leaktight barrier between the high grade condensate contained within the shell and the untreated cooling water providing a. This waste heat can go through a condenser and be disposed of with cooling water or in cooling towers. Pdf analysis of operation of the condenser in a 120 mw thermal. Pdf analysis of a condenser in a thermal power plant for possible. After it passes through the turbine the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated. The surface condenser is one of the most important supplementary components that affect the efficiency and performance of the power plant.
Steam condensers are heat exchangers which come in numerous sizes and designs. A surface condenser is a commonly used term for a watercooled shell and tube heat exchanger installed to condense exhaust steam from a steam turbine in thermal power stations. It is the metric most often used in the electric power generation industry to track and report the performance of thermal power plants. The wet cooling tower has a much lower water withdrawal rate than once through.
Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. When the performances of the condenser will more the operation efficiency of thermal power plant will be high. A thermal power plant is a power plant where steam is used to drive a steam turbine. Thermal power plant 1 no transcript 2 introduction in india 65 of total power is generated by the thermal power stations. The overall efficiency of a thermal power station is low less than 30%. Steam condenser power plant stock photos download 99. First, a brief introduction of ffpp fundamentals and con.
Power plant engineering multiple choice questions and answers pdf free download,objective type interview questions with answers,lab viva,online bits,quiz. Practical boiler operation engineering power plants. In a regenerative feed heating cycle, the greatest economy is affected a when steam is extracted from only one suitable point of steam turbine b when steam is extracted from several places in different stages of steam turbine. This turbine is connected to an electrical generator. Thermal power plant is based on the rankine cycle and in ideal rankine cycle, there are 4 processes and those are heat addition at constant pressure in boiler, isentropic expansion in turbine, constant pressure heat rejection in condenser and isentropic compression in pumps. Factorial analysis of surface condenser for thermal power plant. The steam carries with it the noncondensible gases such as air, carbon. This steam is then expanded in a turbine to produce.
Download 99 steam condenser power plant stock photos for free or amazingly low rates. The efficiency of the thermal power plant is of the order. Numerical study of a power plant condenser tube arrangement. Independent component analysis approach for fault diagnosis of condenser system in thermal power plant ajami ali1, daneshvar mahdi2 1. In so doing, the latent heat is given up by the substance, and will transfer to the condenser coolant. Practical boiler operation engineering power plants by amiya ranjan mallick. Rankine cycle the rankine cycle used in modern power plants has many more components, but the four components are common to all power plants. The energy of a thermal power station not utilized in power production must leave the plant in the form of heat to the environment. A liquid ring vacuum pump andor steamjet air ejector is used to maintain vacuum in a condenser. As single pressure or multipressure, depending on whether the cooling water flow path creates one or more turbine backpressures. List the different types of components or systems used in steam or thermal. Performance characteristics of an aircooled condenser under.
The global steam condenser for thermal power plant market is expected to progress at a steady growth rate over the forecast period. Thermal power plant, exergy, energy, efficiency mafiadoc. Increases of the condenser heat transfer rate will increase the plant thermal efficiency by reducing the turbine exhaust pressure. The condenser provides a vacuum that maximizes the energy extracted from the steam, resulting in a significant increase in net work and thermal efficiency. Analysis of operation of the condenser in a 120 mw thermal power plant article pdf available in thermal science 2200. Effect of temperature rise across the main plant condenser increases. A thermal power station is a power station in which heat energy is converted to electric power. This article provides an overview of fossilfuel power plant ffpp con. Ultratech air cooled condenser specification the steam in tubes is condensate by air come from fan. School of electrical engineering, azarbaijan shahid madani university, tabriz, iran, 53751779. What are the flow circuits of a thermal power plant.
Therefore, fault detection and diagnosis are essential for a power plant 1. Presently, in thermal power plants, the steam used to run the turbine to generate power is condensed in the condenser, where water is used as the condensing. Advanced condenser boosts geothermal power plant output. The temperatures obtained from the numerical analysis of the modeled condenser closely match with those of the working temperatures in the thermal power plant, which validates the model. Mitrovic in 2010 focused on impact of cooling water temperature on energy efficiency of power plant, increasing pressure in the condenser of.
Power generation from condenser waste heat in coalfired. Parametric analysis of surface condenser for thermal power. Sep 17, 2017 today we will learn about thermal power plant, its main components along with working and its advantages and disadvantages. Today we will learn about thermal power plant, its main components along with working and its advantages and disadvantages. The condensate will be collected in the steam collection header and gets the bottom of a structure. The thermal power plants are used to generate power. Condenser optimization in steam power plant springerlink. Steam condenser for thermal power plant market size report, 2025. In india largest thermal power station is located at. Performance characteristics of an aircooled condenser. The function of the condenser is to convert the saturated steam at the exhaust of the turbine to water that can be reused in the boiler to again convert it to steam. The overall efficiency of a fossil or nuclear power plant is strongly influenced by the performance of its condenser.
Some basic concepts of engineering related to power plants are discussed in chapters 1, 2, 3 and 4. Reduces the heat transfer as it has poor thermal conductivity. A surface condenser is an example of such a heatexchange system. Sep 29, 2016 a surface condenser is an example of such a heatexchange system. Condenser water and cooling tower in thermal power plant free download as powerpoint presentation. The book covers the entire crossfunctional aspects of a thermal power plant. Then the wet cooling tower came into use due to concerns about and regulations for water withdrawal rates and thermal effects on water bodies from steam power plant electricity production. A case study on thermal efficiency analysis of hybrid. Coal, gas, diesel and naphtha are called thermal resources and the plants that operate on them are known as thermal power plants tpps. Modernization and upgrades for condenser modernization. Thermal performance assessment of steam surface condenser. Aug 08, 2019 the layout of steam power plantconstruction, working, advantages, and disadvantages with diagram pdf. Upgrading the condenser improves utilization of the thermal potential in the watersteam cycle. Ppt thermal power plant powerpoint presentation free.
Pdf the condenser plant has a huge impact on the economy of a steam turbine power plant. Generally, an ebook can be downloaded in five minutes or less. Power point presentation objective at the end of the session participants will be able to. The steam power plant is an important source for producing electricity. Water chemistry which is very important for a boiler is discussed in chapter 5. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. The goal of maintaining the lowest practical turbine exhaust pressure is a primary reason for including the condenser in a thermal power plant. The results are given in the text and also shown as diagrams. The condenser tubes and baffles are arranged in such a way as to cause the steam to flow from the condenser steam inlet toward the air cooler section. Thermal power plant simple english wikipedia, the free. A higher heat transfer coefficient will also reduce the condenser sizes.
Steamcturbine power plant which is sometime known as coal based power plant or thermal power plant, is a major source of electrical energy for any country. A condenser creates the lowest possible turbine back pressure by evacuating air from a condenser shell. Thermal power plant free download project of php,java. Steam condenser for thermal power plant market size report. Introduction in india 65% of total power is generated by the thermal power stations. The thermal power plants are designed based on required conditions like a good quality of steam, pressure and temperature of steam etc. Ppt thermal power plant powerpoint presentation free to. A combined cycle power plant 20 including a main aircooled condenser 22 condensing steam at a first pressure and an auxiliary aircooled condenser 24 condensing steam at a second pressure higher than the first pressure. Nttps is modeled and numerically analyzed in solidworks flow simulation. So now we will discuss about the condenser, which plays a very vital role in the cycle. A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Heat exchange institute hei, standards for steam surface condenser, 1970.
Mitrovic in 2010 focused on impact of cooling water temperature on energy efficiency of power plant, increasing pressure in the condenser of 1 kpa, efficiency decreases to 1. Parametric analysis of surface condenser for thermal power plant. In a steam power plant, the function of a condenser is a to maintain pressure below atmospheric to increase work output from the primemover. Surface condenser in thermal power plant watco group. If the waste heat is instead used for district heating, it is called cogeneration. There are different procedures that can be used to heat the water. Boiler and condenser pressures rankine cycle nuclear power.
In this cycle, water is heated in the steam generator to produce high temperature and pressure steam. Modernization and upgrades for condenser modernization and. Commonly, the cooling water flows through the tube side and the steam enters the shell side where the condensation occurs on the outside of the heat transfer tubes. A typical power plant condenser has the following functional arrangement. The heat rate of a plant is the amount of fuel energy input needed btu, higher heating value basis to produce 1 kwh of net electrical energy output. A steam surface condenser usually refers to a watercooled shell andtube heat exchanger that is installed on the exhaust steam from a steam turbine in a thermal power station 4. Pdf analysis of operation of the condenser in a 120 mw. Condenser water and cooling tower in thermal power plant. In any thermal power plant the major energy loss takes place in the condenser through its cooling water system.
Thermal power plant free download as powerpoint presentation. The layout of steam power plantconstruction, working, advantages, and disadvantages with diagram pdf. Us7367177b2 combined cycle power plant with auxiliary. Drawing upon previous condenser research related to ocean thermal energy conver. Key components of a thermal power plant working on a rankine cycle literature survey mirjana, s lakovic and dejan d. Independent component analysis approach for fault diagnosis.
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